NATURAL RISKS And MAP OF AMBIENT RISKS: A STUDY OF CASE OF THE BASIN OF THE DEEP STREAM (CÓRREGO FUNDO), AQUIDAUANA/MS

Abstract

The dynamics of the hydrographic basins is express for the interaction of the subsystems natural, constructed, socio-economic and productive, that portray the principles of unit, complexity and totality, that if characterize for its localization, extension, to correlation, evolution and casuality, consisting in excellent unit of study and planning. The basin of the Deep Stream (Córrego Fundo) is situated in the city of Aquidauana, to the east of the city. Occupies an area of 4.609 hectares, that they drain lands of Plateaus of Maracajú/Campo Grande in direction to the Depression of the river Aquidauana, comprises 14 properties that use its superficial and underground waters. The main developed partner-productive activity in the basin is cattle the extensive one cut. This activity allied to the deficiency conservacionists are compromising the quality of waters of the basin. Thus the present research identified the natural risks, considering to the quality of superficial waters of the basin, as main indicator of ambient quality, from the elaboration of systemic model of functioning that demonstrates to the flows of energy and substance, and its interactions. With this model, thematic letters (or maps) had been elaborated, characterizing the elements of the natural subsystem and allowing with the overlapping, the identification and classification of the natural risks of the basin. As result observed it substitution of the native forest for the cultivated pasture, exactly in areas with superior declivities at 30%, beyond that only 21% of the agricultural establishments of the basin are used conservacionists practise of use of the ground. Such problematic one contributes for the loss of the ground and carry of sediments and residues of the cattle breeding business for the stream, influencing in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of its waters. Thus needing a new ordering mechanisms of the use of its ground, aiming at to minimize ambient damages in the basin and the city of Aquidauana, because the mouth of Deep Stream (Córrego Fundo) is situated therefore about 8 km to total amount of the point of captation of the Company of Basic Sanitation of South Mato Grosso - SANESUL, that supplies the city with water.