Reconnecting: Yoga's contributions to Environmental Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18675/2177-580X.2024-18387Keywords:
Environmental Education. Yoga. Deep Ecology. Meditation.Abstract
The aim of this study is to reflect on how Yoga can educate the attention to perceive and relate to the environment in a more integrated, affective and welcoming way, deepening our understanding of the relationship between the teachings of Yoga and Environmental Education. In this context, three topics are developed throughout the text: Yoga, learning and change of perception; Yoga and Environmental Education; Deep Ecology and the interdependence of all beings. The first topic addresses how learning Yoga can help with perception and behavioral changes that promote integration between body, mind and environment. The second topic emphasizes the relationship between Yoga and Environmental Education, considering its ethical foundations and the importance of a deeper inner dive through meditation. The third topic presents the approximation between Deep Ecology and Yoga, highlighting the profound connection that exists between being and environment. Yoga, in its most complete form, may be capable of promoting a transformation in the way we perceive and relate to the environment and all beings that inhabit it.
References
ANAND, A. et al. War-related mental health issues and need for yoga intervention studies: a scoping review. International Journal of Yoga, Chennai, v. 14, n. 3, p. 175-187, 2021.
ANTUNES, P. C. Fundamentos filosóficos do Sámkhya e do Yoga: pistas para uma ecologia cósmica no terceiro milénio. 2019. 342 f. Tese (Doutorado em Filosofia) - Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 2019.
BATESON, G. Mente e Natureza. Rio de Janeiro: Francisco Alves Editora, 1986.
BHAGWAT, S. Yoga and Sustainability. Joy: The Journal of Yoga, Port Salerno, v. 7, n. 1, p. 1-14, 2008.
BRANDÃO, C. R. Aprender o amor: sobre um afeto que se aprende a viver. Campinas: Papirus, 2005.
BREMS, C. et al. Elements of yogic practice: perceptions of students in healthcare programs. International Journal of Yoga, Chennai, v. 9, n. 2, p. 121-129, 2016.
BRITO, L. G. Ecological Epistemologies and Spiritualities in Brazilian Ecovillages: In the Labyrinth of an Environmental Anthropology. London/New York: Routledge, 2023.
CARVALHO, I. C. M. Educação Ambiental: a formação do sujeito ecológico. São Paulo: Cortez, 2012.
CHIESA, G. R. À procura da vida: pensando com Gregory Bateson e Tim Ingold a respeito de uma percepção sagrada do ambiente. Revista de Antropologia, São Paulo, v. 60, n. 2, p. 410-435, 2017.
CORRÊA, E. M.; DA COSTA, P. H. Yoga nas escolas: percepção de crianças e seus responsáveis sobre seus efeitos. Revista Pensar a Prática, Goiânia, v. 24, p. e67727, 2021.
DASGUPTA, S. A History of Indian Philosophy. New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1997 (Vol. 1).
DAVIDSON, R. J. et al. Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosomatic Medicine, McLean, v. 65, p. 564-570, 2003.
FEUERSTEIN, G. A tradição do Yoga. São Paulo: Pensamento, 2006.
FEUERSTEIN, G.; FEUERSTEIN, B. Bhagavad-Gītā: uma nova tradução. São Paulo: Pensamento, 2015.
FEUERSTEIN, G.; FEUERSTEIN, B. Yoga verde. São Paulo: Pensamento, 2010.
FIELD, T. Yoga research review. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, London, v. 24, p. 145-161, 2016.
FURLAN, P. G.; HONDA, A. P.; CASSAVIA, A. B. W. Ética no dia a dia e os ensinamentos do Yoga: os yamas e niyamas dos Yoga-Sūtras de Patañjali. São Carlos: UFSCar/CPOI, 2021.
GOKHALE, P. P. The Yogasûtra of Patañjali: A New Introduction to the Buddhist Roots of the Yoga System. London/New York: Routledge, 2020.
GRÜN, M. A Pesquisa em Ética na Educação Ambiental. Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental, Rio Claro, v. 2, n. 1, p. 185-206, 2007.
HART, N.; FAWKNER, S.; NIVEN, A.; BOOTH, J. N. Scoping review of Yoga in schools: mental health and cognitive outcomes in both neurotypical and neurodiverse youth populations. Children, Basel, v. 9, n. 6, p. 1-30, 2022.
INGOLD, T. O dédalo e o labirinto: caminhar, imaginar e educar a atenção. Horizontes Antropológicos, Porto Alegre, v. 21, n. 44, p. 21-36, 2015.
IYENGAR, B. K. S. A árvore do Yoga. Rio de Janeiro: Globo Editora, 2001.
KAPSALI, M. Body-mind unity and the spiritual dimension of Modern Postural Yoga. Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis, Âbo, v. 24, p. 165-177, 2012.
KHALSA, S. B. S.; BUTZER, B. Yoga in schools settings: a research review. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, New York, v. 1373, n. 1, p. 45-55, 2016.
KRENAK, A. A vida não é útil. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2020.
KUMAR, S. Solo, Alma, Sociedade: uma nova trindade para o nosso tempo. São Paulo: Palas Athena, 2017.
LAST, N.; TUFTS, E.; AUGER, L. E. The effects of meditation on grey matter atrophy and neurodegeneration: a systematic review. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, Amsterdam, v. 56, n. 1, p. 275-286, 2017.
MASS, P. A Concise Historiography of Classical Yoga Philosophy. In: FRANCO, E. (org.) Periodization and Historiography of Indian Philosophy. Vienna: De Nobili Research Library, 2013, p. 53-90.
MATURANA, H. A ontologia da realidade. Belo Horizonte: Ed. UFMG, 1999.
MENEZES, C. B.; DALPIAZ, Natalia R.; KIESOW, L. G.; SPERB, W.; HERTZBERG, J.; OLIVEIRA, A. A. Yoga and emotion regulation: a review of primary psychological outcomes and their physiological correlates. Psychology & Neuroscience, Brasília, v. 8, n. 1, p. 82-101, 2015.
MICHELIS, E. Α History of Modern Yoga. New York: Continuum, 2004.
NAESS, A. Ecology, Community and Lifestyle. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
RESENDE, J.; SATO, M. A meditação na educação e a ecologia profunda. AmbientalMente sustentable: revista científica galego-lusófona de educación ambiental, Coruña, v. 25, n. 1, p. 41-58, 2018.
ROTHENBERG, D. Introduction: Ecosophy T – from intuition to system. In: NAESS, A. Ecology, Community and Lifestyle. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989. p. 1-22.
SAMPAIO, D. S. Educação ambiental, autocuidado e prática de Yoga. In: SILVEIRA, C. et al. (orgs.). Educação ambiental a partir do autocuidado: uma visão transdisciplinar. Uberlândia: RB/PROEXC/Interculturalidade, 2018, p. 63-76.
SANTOS, O.; LAGE, A. Yoga e Cuidado de si – por uma Cultura Ecológica, de Paz e Não Violência. In: SILVA-MATOS, R. et al. (orgs.). O Meio Ambiente Sustentável 2. Ponta Grossa: Atena Editora, 2020, p. 267-279.
STEIL, C. A.; CARVALHO, I. C. M. Na “carne do mundo”: imanência, subjetivação e espiritualidades ecológicas. Lusotopie, Bordeaux, v. 20, n. 1-2, p. 1-15, 2021.
STEPHENS, I. Medical Yoga therapy. Children, Basel, v. 4, n. 2, p. 1-20, 2017.
TELLES, L.; TOLEDO, T. Yoga e a natureza na era do antropoceno. Sacrilegens, Juiz de Fora, v. 18, n. 2, p. 63-82, 2022.
UNGER, N. M. Da foz à nascente: o recado do rio. Salvador: Ed. UFBA, 2020.
WEISNER, M. L.; CAMERON, M. M. Does Yoga increase sustainability? Enhanced sensory awareness and environmental behavior in South Florida. Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology, Leiden, v. 24, n. 1, p. 58-80, 2020.
WOODS, J. H. The Yogasūtra of Patañjali. Mineola: Dover Publications, 2003.
YOGANANDA, P. Deus fala com Arjuna: O Bhagavad Gita. São Paulo: Omnisciência, 2019.
YOGANANDA, P. Onde Existe Luz. São Paulo: Omnisciência, 2016.
ZAFEIROUDI, A; PIPINIA, M.; YFANTIDOU, G.; GEORGOMANOS, S. The effects of Yoga practice on practioners’ environmental behaviours & sustainability. Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, Las Vegas, v. 10, n. 3, p. 76-88, 2021.
ZIMMER, H. Filosofias da Índia. São Paulo: Palas Athena, 1991.